Celebrate the achievements of African Americans past and present during Black History Month. He traveled the countryside, preaching against slavery. The Underground Railroad is a term used from about the 1840s to describe an informal network of secret routes and safe houses used by fugitive slaves in the United States of America on their journey north to “Free States” or Canada.

Other Quakers worked to teach slaves to read and learn skills and trades.Helping slaves to escape was illegal, with fines of $1,000 (since the average daily wage was $1, the fine was equivalent to three years of a typical family’s income).Quakers were deeply divided over whether it was right to obey the law, or to obey what they felt was God’s “higher law” and help them.Slaves who managed to escape were assisted by the Underground Railroad, which was a loose and highly secret network which passed the escaping slaves from one “station” to another, often at night.Allen Jay and his family worked on the Underground Railroad when he was a boy. In the 1800’s, virtually all Quakers were opposed to slavery. The Quakers also were, in many cases, successful in persuading their neighbors of the evils of slavery and in enlisting their help for the UGRR. Tyson Brown, National Geographic Society These were often homes where they were fed, could rest, were provided clothes and given directions to the next stop. He and his wife Catherine, also a Quaker, helped about 2,000 slaves to freedom, Some Quakers did not feel that acting outside the law was … “We found it necessary to be always prepared to receive such company and properly care for them.” Their home became known as “Grand Central Station”.

Immediately north of the Mason-Dixon line , the Quaker settlement of Chester County, Pennsylvania—one of the early hubs of the Underground Railroad—was considered a … Quaker Levi Coffin (1798 – 1877), based in Cincinnati, Ohio, was known as the President of the Underground Railroad. The escape network was neither literally underground nor a railroad. We are Quaker members of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting, or the Religious Society of Friends. © 1996 - 2020 National Geographic Society. National Geographic HeadquartersNational Geographic Society is a 501 (c)(3) organization.

His home was a stop along the Underground Railroad, a network of routes, places, and people that helped enslaved people escape to the North. It remains unclear when the Underground Railroad began, but members of the Society of Friends, who were also known as the Quakers, were actively assisting freedom seekers as early as the 1780s. He was born in North Carolina and moved to Wayne Co., IN, in 1826. Woolman, born in 1720, became convinced that slavery was wrong when, at the age 20, he was asked by his employer to write a bill of sale for a slave girl. One of the earliest references to runaway slaves receiving organized assistance comes from a letter written by George Washington in 1786. Before the Civil War, almost half of the Quakers of North Carolina left in the early 1800’s to find new homes in the new free states of Ohio and Indiana. © 2003-2019 Worldhistory.us In 1787, Delaware passed a law prohibiting the importation and exportation of … It took the abolition movement, a civil war, and the ratification of the 13th amendment to end slavery.

One of the most notable Quakers in the Underground Railroad was Levi Coffin, who was born in Guilford County, North Carolina, but as a young man moved to Indiana and later to Cincinnati,… Some skilled slaves were “rented out” by their owners.One of the earliest Quaker protests against slavery was the Germantown Declaration of 1688. © 1996 - 2020 National Geographic Society. The Underground Railroad During the early 19th century, Quaker Hill was at the center of the ever-increasing hostility between the slave states of the South and the free North. Those who contributed money or goods to help were called “stockholders”. Patrols seeking to catch enslaved people were frequently hot on their heels.These images of the Underground Railroad stuck in the minds of the nation, and they captured the hearts of writers, who told suspenseful stories of dark, dangerous passages and dramatic enThe house of American Quaker and abolitionist Levi Coffin, in Cincinnati, Ohio. Before the Civil War, almost half of the Quakers of North Carolina left in the early 1800’s to find new homes in the new free states of Ohio and Indiana. Due to the danger associated with capture, they conducted much of their activity at night. His home was a stop along the Underground Railroad, a network of routes, places, and people that helped enslaved people escape to the North.

The name may have come from an incident in 1831 when a freedom seeker (runaway slave) named Tice David ran away from a Kentucky plantation. Other Underground Railroad Quaker strongholds were Salem, Iowa; Newport, Indiana; Alum Creek, Ohio; Cass County, Michigan; Farmington, New York; and New Bedford, Massachusetts.Some Quakers did not feel that acting outside the law was appropriate, despite their concern for the slaves’ plight. The North Star was used as a guide to find the way.The date when the Underground Railroad started is uncertain. After the Civil War, Coffin raised funds to aid the newly freed African Americans.The Underground Railroad was most active in areas heavily populated by Quakers. The Mendenhall Plantation in Jamestown was a station, and many of you have seen the wagon with the secret compartment which was filled with escaping slaves.Compared with the four million people who remained in slavery, the number of slaves who escaped on the Underground Railroad wasn’t large; probably less than 100,000 over a 40-year period. Lanterns in the windows welcomed them and promised safety. Merion Friends Meeting is one of the oldest houses of worship in Pennsylvania. Gina Borgia, National Geographic Society This collection of resources includes features of prominent figures such as President Barack Obama and lesser-known war heroine Mary Seacole.

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